[The social production of novelty: the diphtheria serotherapy, "herald of the new medicine"].
نویسنده
چکیده
This issue of Dynamis presents a collection of articles on the beginnings of a biological treatment: diphtheria serotherapy. This therapy contributed to a decisive change in public and private behaviours towards cases of infectious/contagious disease. The phrase «herald of the new medicine», which appears in the title of this introduction, was used by the Spanish Health Council to describe the treatment of diphtheria by serum taken from the blood of immunised horses, i.e., the Behring-Roux method. This new therapy had been reported to the Council by Antonio Mendoza and Manuel Sanz on their return from official visits to Paris and Berlin in Autumn 1894. The description reflects the perception of novelty, of successful innovation generated by their report. Articles by Gabriel Gachelin and Jonathan Simon, respectively, offer a detailed analysis of the French side of the initial production of serum, while Axel Hüntelmann tels the German side of the same story. Annick Opinel addresses the implications of the new therapy for hospital practice in her account of the construction of the Pasteur Hospital, which was designed to fight against diphtheria. This introduction aims to show the relevance of these papers to current historiography on the construction of one-cause-medicine, a powerful force in the shaping of health, disease and care in the present world. Diphtheria appeared in industrial countries between the mid-19th and mid20th centuries as an endemic disease with epidemic outbreaks at irregular intervals 1. It has become a fashionable subject of historical
منابع مشابه
The designing of anti-diphtheria serotherapy at the Institut Pasteur (1888-1900): the role of a supranational network of microbiologists.
The development of anti-diphtheria serotherapy at the Institut Pasteur immediately follows the crisis known as the Pasteur-Koch debate. Research on diphtheria in Paris is indicative of the importance granted by Pasteurian scientists to Koch's school criticisms. After 1887, relations between French and German bacteriologists become more relaxed. A scientific and social network develops between t...
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Background and Objectives: Cancer is one of the most deadly diseases in the present age and its conventional therapies have had low success. Toxin therapy of cancer is a new therapeutic approach, which has attracted the attention of pharmaceutical specialists. Diphtheria toxin consists of three functional, transducing, and binding domains, that the functional part inhibits protein synthesis and...
متن کاملThe origin of the production of diphtheria antitoxin in France, between philanthropy and commerce.
Serotherapy for the treatment of diphtheria represented a major therapeutic innovation at the end of the nineteenth century. The manner in which large-scale production of this medicament was undertaken and the regulations that governed its production and distribution were important elements of public health policy in France as in other European countries. This paper describes the dominance of t...
متن کاملIncorporation of T-cell epitopes from tetanus and diphtheria toxoids into in-silico-designed hypoallergenic vaccine may enhance the protective immune response against allergens
Objective(s): New generation of allergy vaccines is capable of promoting the development of protective IgG and blocking the functionality of allergen-specific IgE. We incorporated universal and powerful T-cell epitopes from tetanus and diphtheria toxoids (TD epitope) into recombinant Che a 2, the well-known allergic profilin of Chenopodium album, to determine its immun...
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عنوان ژورنال:
- Dynamis
دوره 27 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 2007